p front
國家 (guójiā) – nation, country
為什麼 (wèishénme) – why
會 (huì) – will, can
失敗 (shībài) – fail
權力 (quánlì) – power
富裕 (fùyù) – wealth, prosperous
貧困 (pínkùn) – poverty
根源 (gēnyuán) – root cause, origin
之作 (zhī zuò) – of creation (indicating the work, as in a literary work)
經濟 (jīngjì) – economy
長久 (chángjiǔ) – long-lasting
繁榮 (fánróng) – prosperity
關鍵 (guānjiàn) – key, crucial
竟然 (jìngrán) – unexpectedly
政治 (zhèngzhì) – politics
深化 (shēnhuà) – deepen
民主 (mínzhǔ) – democracy
或者 (huòzhě) – or
向 (xiàng) – toward
威權 (wēiquán) – authoritarianism
籠 (lóng) – cage (here likely part of a term meaning “authoritarian rule”)
繼 (jì) – continue, following
之後 (zhīhòu) – after
具 (jù) – possess, have
敵發性 (dífāxìng) – adversarial nature ธรรมชาติของการเป็นปรปักษ์
與 (yǔ) – and
鋼鐵 (gāngtiě) – steel (from the phrase “槍炮、病菌與鋼鐵”, “Guns, Germs, and Steel”)
病菌 (bìngjūn) – germs
解釋 (jiěshì) – explain
力 (lì) – strength, power
經典 (jīngdiǎn) – classic
經濟學 (jīngjìxué) – economics
諾貝爾 (Nuòbèi’ěr) – Nobel (as in Nobel Prize)
獎得主 (jiǎngdézhǔ) – award winner
一致 (yīzhì) – unanimous, consistent
推 (tuī) – recommend
獎 (jiǎng) – award
生 (shēng) – student, individual (in the context of names)
最權威 (zuì quánwēi) – most authoritative
經濟學界 (jīngjìxué jiè) – economics community
新生代 (xīnshēngdài) – new generation
大師 (dàshī) – master, expert
p3
总统 (zǒngtǒng) – President
辞职 (cízhí) – Resign
下台 (xiàtái) – Step down
抗议 (kàngyì) – Protest
政府 (zhèngfǔ) – Government
权力 (quánlì) – Power
动荡 (dòngdàng) – Turmoil
国家 (guójiā) – Country
群众 (qúnzhòng) – Masses, crowd
收入 (shōurù) – Income
贫困 (pínkùn) – Poverty
生活 (shēnghuó) – Life
标准 (biāozhǔn) – Standard
失业 (shīyè) – Unemployment
危机 (wēijī) – Crisis
经济 (jīngjì) – Economy
不满 (bùmǎn) – Dissatisfaction
政策 (zhèngcè) – Policy
示威 (shìwēi) – Demonstration
阶层 (jiēcéng) – Social class
扩大 (kuòdà) – Expand
财富 (cáifù) – Wealth
权利 (quánlì) – Rights
革命 (gémìng) – Revolution
动机 (dòngjī) – Motive
地区 (dìqū) – Region
不公平 (bù gōngpíng) – Inequality
人民 (rénmín) – People
财富分配 (cáifù fēnpèi) – Wealth distribution
独裁者 (dúcáizhě) – Dictator
压迫 (yāpò) – Oppression
暴力 (bàolì) – Violence
腐败 (fǔbài) – Corruption
独立 (dúlì) – Independence
和平 (hépíng) – Peace
自由 (zìyóu) – Freedom
民主 (mínzhǔ) – Democracy
战争 (zhànzhēng) – War
反抗 (fǎnkàng) – Resistance
文化 (wénhuà) – Culture
社会 (shèhuì) – Society
领袖 (lǐngxiù) – Leader
危机 (wēijī) – Crisis
暴动 (bàodòng) – Riot
经济衰退 (jīngjì shuāituì) – Economic recession
收入差距 (shōurù chājù) – Income gap
教育 (jiàoyù) – Education
医药 (yīyào) – Medicine
增长 (zēngzhǎng) – Growth
失衡 (shīhéng) – Imbalance
力量 (lìliàng) – Strength
社会保障 (shèhuì bǎozhàng) – Social security
基础设施 (jīchǔ shèshī) – Infrastructure
生活水平 (shēnghuó shuǐpíng) – Living standard
现代化 (xiàndàihuà) – Modernization
抗议者 (kàngyì zhě) – Protester
民众 (mínzhòng) – Public, populace
失望 (shīwàng) – Disappointment
期待 (qīdài) – Expectation
公众 (gōngzhòng) – Public
意识 (yìshí) – Awareness
理想 (lǐxiǎng) – Ideal
压力 (yālì) – Pressure
推动 (tuīdòng) – Promote, push forward
改革 (gǎigé) – Reform
发展 (fāzhǎn) – Development
制度 (zhìdù) – System
政策 (zhèngcè) – Policy
生活成本 (shēnghuó chéngběn) – Cost of living
税收 (shuìshōu) – Tax revenue
福利 (fúlì) – Welfare
财富再分配 (cáifù zài fēnpèi) – Redistribution of wealth
民族主义 (mínzú zhǔyì) – Nationalism
公民权利 (gōngmín quánlì) – Civil rights
法律 (fǎlǜ) – Law
社会公正 (shèhuì gōngzhèng) – Social justice
不平等 (bù píngděng) – Inequality
贫富差距 (pín fù chājù) – Wealth gap
劳工 (láogōng) – Labor
就业机会 (jiùyè jīhuì) – Employment opportunities
年 (nián) – year
月 (yuè) – month
日 (rì) – day
从 (cóng) – from
以来 (yǐlái) – since
就 (jiù) – already
总统 (zǒngtǒng) – president
突尼斯 (Tūnísī) – Tunisia
已 (yǐ) – already
但 (dàn) – but
单 (dān) – single
潮 (cháo) – tide
然而 (rán’ér) – however
发展 (fāzhǎn) – develop
成为 (chéngwéi) – become
其他 (qítā) – other
革命 (gémìng) – revolution
领导人 (lǐngdǎorén) – leader
辞去 (cíqù) – resign
后 (hòu) – after
尼亚 (Níyà) – Tunisia (short form)
穆巴拉克 (Mùbālākè) – Mubarak
遇到 (yùdào) – encounter
同样 (tóngyàng) – same
命运 (mìngyùn) – fate
事件 (shìjiàn) – event
于 (yú) – at, in, on
当时 (dāngshí) – at that time
在 (zài) – in, at
写字楼 (xiězìlóu) – office building
外 (wài) – outside
得到 (dédào) – get, obtain
保 (bǎo) – protect
也 (yě) – also
国家 (guójiā) – country
内部 (nèibù) – internal
根源 (gēnyuán) – root cause
平均 (píngjūn) – average
所得 (suǒdé) – income
比 (bǐ) – compare
美国 (Měiguó) – United States
人均 (rénjūn) – per capita
百分之 (bǎifēn zhī) – percent
生活在 (shēnghuó zài) – live in
尽管 (jǐnguǎn) – despite
贫穷 (pínqióng) – poor
原因 (yuányīn) – reason
贫困率 (pínkùn lǜ) – poverty rate
比例 (bǐlì) – proportion
高达 (gāodá) – reach up to
抑制 (yìzhì) – suppress
选举 (xuǎnjǔ) – election
投票 (tóupiào) – vote
得出 (déchū) – conclude
不公正 (bù gōngzhèng) – unfairness
所 (suǒ) – place (often used as a prefix)
居住 (jūzhù) – reside
多数 (duōshù) – majority
由于 (yóuyú) – due to
社会阶层 (shèhuì jiēcéng) – social class
剥削 (bōxuē) – exploitation
穷人 (qióngrén) – poor people
资源 (zīyuán) – resources
强大 (qiángdà) – powerful
国家权力 (guójiā quánlì) – national power
富有 (fùyǒu) – wealthy
阶级 (jiējí) – class
现象 (xiànxiàng) – phenomenon
社会保障 (shèhuì bǎozhàng) – social security
政治权力 (zhèngzhì quánlì) – political power
持续 (chíxù) – continue
贫富差距 (pín fù chājù) – wealth gap
资源分配 (zīyuán fēnpèi) – resource distribution
民生 (mínshēng) – people’s livelihood
未来 (wèilái) – future
表现 (biǎoxiàn) – perform, performance
政策实施 (zhèngcè shíshī) – policy implementation
发展过程 (fāzhǎn guòchéng) – development process
社会稳定 (shèhuì wěndìng) – social stability
影响 (yǐngxiǎng) – influence, affect
p4
观点 (guāndiǎn) – viewpoint
腐败 (fǔbài) – corruption
压迫 (yāpò) – oppression การกดขี่
低质 (dīzhì) – low-quality
教育 (jiàoyù) – education
生活 (shēnghuó) – life
改变 (gǎibiàn) – change
条件 (tiáojiàn) – condition
愤怒 (fènnù) – anger
表达 (biǎodá) – express
言论 (yánlùn) – speech
希望 (xīwàng) – hope
民主 (mínzhǔ) – democracy
权利 (quánlì) – rights
社会 (shèhuì) – society
公民 (gōngmín) – citizen
保护 (bǎohù) – protection
选择 (xuǎnzé) – choice
革命 (gémìng) – revolution
政权 (zhèngquán) – regime
贪污 (tānwū) – embezzlement
独裁 (dúcái) – dictatorship
利益 (lìyì) – interest, benefit
无能 (wúnéng) – incompetence
批评 (pīpíng) – criticize
总统 (zǒngtǒng) – president
总理 (zǒnglǐ) – prime minister
失败 (shībài) – failure
推翻 (tuīfān) – overthrow
政府 (zhèngfǔ) – government
腐败 (fǔbài) – corruption
根源 (gēnyuán) – root cause
威权 (wēiquán) – authoritarianism
革命者 (gémìngzhě) – revolutionist
自由 (zìyóu) – freedom
民主化 (mínzhǔhuà) – democratization
政体 (zhèngtǐ) – political system
社会经济 (shèhuì jīngjì) – socioeconomic
高效 (gāoxiào) – efficient
制度 (zhìdù) – system
矛盾 (máodùn) – contradiction
改革 (gǎigé) – reform
解决 (jiějué) – solve
压力 (yālì) – pressure
参与 (cānyù) – participate
权力 (quánlì) – power
斗争 (dòuzhēng) – struggle
决策 (juécè) – decision-making
统治者 (tǒngzhì zhě) – ruler
抗议 (kàngyì) – protest
运动 (yùndòng) – movement
集会 (jíhuì) – assembly
发言 (fāyán) – speak
压力 (yālì) – stress
表现 (biǎoxiàn) – performance
要求 (yāoqiú) – demand
维权 (wéiquán) – rights protection
理想 (lǐxiǎng) – ideal
体制 (tǐzhì) – system, institution
自由度 (zìyóudù) – degree of freedom
透明度 (tòumíngdù) – transparency
贪腐 (tānfǔ) – corruption
决策者 (juécè zhě) – policymaker
民众 (mínzhòng) – the public
权威 (quánwēi) – authority
控制 (kòngzhì) – control
信息 (xìnxī) – information
传播 (chuánbō) – spread
意识形态 (yìshí xíngtài) – ideology
思想 (sīxiǎng) – thought, idea
思想家 (sīxiǎngjiā) – thinker
言论自由 (yánlùn zìyóu) – freedom of speech
社会秩序 (shèhuì zhìxù) – social order
抗议者 (kàngyì zhě) – protester
革命潮流 (gémìng cháoliú) – revolutionary trend
计划 (jìhuà) – plan
解释 (jiěshì) – explanation
行动 (xíngdòng) – action
社会动荡 (shèhuì dòngdàng) – social unrest
法律 (fǎlǜ) – law
我们 (wǒmen) – we
受到 (shòudào) – subjected to
压迫 (yāpò) – oppression
条件 (tiáojiàn) – condition
表达 (biǎodá) – express
腐化 (fǔhuà) – corruption, decay
权利 (quánlì) – rights
政治 (zhèngzhì) – politics
统治 (tǒngzhì) – rule, govern
普遍 (pǔbiàn) – universal, widespread
无法 (wúfǎ) – unable to
解决 (jiějué) – solve, resolve
获得 (huòdé) – obtain
经济 (jīngjì) – economy
基础 (jīchǔ) – foundation, basis
社会 (shèhuì) – society
利益 (lìyì) – interest, benefit
权力 (quánlì) – power
公开 (gōngkāi) – public, openly
抗议 (kàngyì) – protest
组织 (zǔzhī) – organization
举行 (jǔxíng) – hold (a meeting, ceremony)
活动 (huódòng) – activity
提出 (tíchū) – put forward, propose
要求 (yāoqiú) – demand, request
领导 (lǐngdǎo) – leadership
参与 (cānyù) – participate, involvement
批评 (pīpíng) – criticize
改革 (gǎigé) – reform
政策 (zhèngcè) – policy
社会秩序 (shèhuì zhìxù) – social order
激进 (jījìn) – radical
温和 (wēnhé) – moderate
阶层 (jiēcéng) – class, stratum
社会 (shèhuì) – society
现状 (xiànzhuàng) – current situation
抵抗 (dǐkàng) – resist
监督 (jiāndū) – supervise, oversee
暴力 (bàolì) – violence
执法 (zhífǎ) – law enforcement
民众 (mínzhòng) – the public, populace
批判 (pīpàn) – critique, criticize
专制 (zhuānzhì) – autocracy, dictatorship
改良 (gǎiliáng) – improvement, reform
激烈 (jīliè) – intense, fierce
反对 (fǎnduì) – oppose
抗议者 (kàngyì zhě) – protester
进步 (jìnbù) – progress
统治者 (tǒngzhì zhě) – ruler
团结 (tuánjié) – unite
分裂 (fēnliè) – divide, split
合作 (hézuò) – cooperate
维权 (wéiquán) – rights protection
决策 (juécè) – decision-making
理想 (lǐxiǎng) – ideal
利益 (lìyì) – interest, benefit
民权 (mínquán) – civil rights
法治 (fǎzhì) – rule of law
自由 (zìyóu) – freedom
民主化 (mínzhǔhuà) – democratization
分配 (fēnpèi) – distribute
表达 (biǎodá) – express
选举 (xuǎnjǔ) – election
舆论 (yúlùn) – public opinion
行动 (xíngdòng) – action
推进 (tuījìn) – promote, advance
对抗 (duìkàng) – confrontation
公众 (gōngzhòng) – public
势力 (shìlì) – power, influence
实施 (shíshī) – implement, carry out
议程 (yìchéng) – agenda
战略 (zhànlüè) – strategy
宣传 (xuānchuán) – propaganda, promote
合法 (héfǎ) – legal, legitimate
提倡 (tíchàng) – advocate, promote
权威 (quánwēi) – authority
独裁 (dúcái) – dictatorship
反抗 (fǎnkàng) – resistance
文化 (wénhuà) – culture
背景 (bèijǐng) – background
p5
p6