diagnosis *
pasien – Patient
laki-laki – Male
makan – Eat
minum – Drink
mual – Nausea
muntah – Vomit
tensi – Blood pressure
suhu – Temperature
gagal ginjal – Kidney failure
Kegagalan ginjal
Insuffisiensi ginjal (more medical term)
Ginjal sehat (healthy kidneys)
Pasien itu menderita gagal ginjal. =That patient suffers from kidney failure.
Gagal ginjal adalah kondisi serius. = Kidney failure is a serious condition.
Dia harus menjalani dialisis karena gagal ginjal. = He has to undergo dialysis due to kidney failure. , he or she, must
stadium – Stage
hipovolemia – Hypovolemia
perawatan – Treatment
laboratorium – Laboratory
creatinin *
ureum – Urea
renovasi – Renal
respon – Response
dehidrasi – Dehydration
tubuh – Body
cairan – Fluid
hidrasi – Hydration
keringat – Sweat
perfusi – Perfusion
gejala – Symptom
hipotensi – Hypotension
kondisi – Condition
kesehatan – Health
ginjal – Kidney
anemia – Anemia
enzim – Enzyme
gatal-gatal – Itching
encephalopati – Encephalopathy
kardiomegali – Cardiomegaly
hipertensi – Hypertension
hemodialisis – Hemodialysis
dialisis – Dialysis
transplantasi – Transplant
aliran darah – Blood flow
kalsium – Calcium
tulang – Bone
osteoporosis – Osteoporosis
vitamin D – Vitamin D
hiperkalemia – Hyperkalemia
asam urat – Uric acid
pH – pH
asidosis – Acidosis
bufferring – Buffering
hiponatremia – Hyponatremia
hipernatremia – Hypernatremia
infeksi – Infection
tubulus – Tubule
kreatinin – Creatinine
obat – Medicine
nefrotoksik – Nephrotoxic
nefritis – Nephritis
glomerulonefritis – Glomerulonephritis
toksin – Toxin
antibiotik – Antibiotic
edema – Edema
hipotensi – Hypotension
hiperkalemia – Hyperkalemia
komplikasi – Complication
resusitasi – Resuscitation
kreatinin – Creatinine
elektrolit – Electrolyte
albuminuria – Albuminuria
struktur – Structure
histopatologi – Histopathology
imaging – Imaging
USG – Ultrasound
glomerulus – Glomerulus
filtrasi – Filtration
rasio – Ratio
uremia – Uremia
fungsi – Function
terapi – Therapy
hemodialisis – Hemodialysis
gangguan – Disorder
diagnosis – Diagnosis
diagnosis – Diagnosis
pasien – Patient
laki-laki – Male
makan – Eat
minum – Drink
mual – Nausea
muntah – Vomit
tensi – Blood pressure
suhu – Temperature
gagal ginjal – Kidney failure
stadium – Stage
hipovolemia – Hypovolemia
perawatan – Treatment
laboratorium – Laboratory
creatinin – Creatinine
ureum – Urea
renovasi – Renal
respon – Response
dehidrasi – Dehydration
tubuh – Body
cairan – Fluid
hidrasi – Hydration
keringat – Sweat
perfusi – Perfusion
gejala – Symptom
hipotensi – Hypotension
kondisi – Condition
kesehatan – Health
ginjal – Kidney
anemia – Anemia
enzim – Enzyme
gatal-gatal – Itching
encephalopati – Encephalopathy
kardiomegali – Cardiomegaly
hipertensi – Hypertension
hemodialisis – Hemodialysis
dialisis – Dialysis
transplantasi – Transplant
aliran darah – Blood flow
kalsium – Calcium
tulang – Bone
osteoporosis – Osteoporosis
vitamin D – Vitamin D
hiperkalemia – Hyperkalemia
asam urat – Uric acid
pH – pH
asidosis – Acidosis
bufferring – Buffering
hiponatremia – Hyponatremia
hipernatremia – Hypernatremia
infeksi – Infection
tubulus – Tubule
kreatinin – Creatinine
obat – Medicine
nefrotoksik – Nephrotoxic
nefritis – Nephritis
glomerulonefritis – Glomerulonephritis
toksin – Toxin
antibiotik – Antibiotic
edema – Edema
hipotensi – Hypotension
hiperkalemia – Hyperkalemia
komplikasi – Complication
resusitasi – Resuscitation
kreatinin – Creatinine
elektrolit – Electrolyte
albuminuria – Albuminuria
struktur – Structure
histopatologi – Histopathology
imaging – Imaging
USG – Ultrasound
glomerulus – Glomerulus
filtrasi – Filtration
rasio – Ratio
uremia – Uremia
fungsi – Function
terapi – Therapy
hemodialisis – Hemodialysis
gangguan – Disorder
diagnosis – Diagnosis
pengobatan – Treatment
monitoring – Monitoring
penyakit – Disease
sistem – System
darah – Blood
fungsi ginjal – Kidney function
gejala klinis – Clinical symptoms
lambung – Stomach
penyebab – Cause
kegagalan – Failure
penggantian – Replacement
renal – Renal
hidrasi – Hydration
air – Water
penyaring – Filter
komplikasi – Complication
perubahan – Change
penyimpanan – Storage
perawatan intensif – Intensive care
ginjal akut – Acute kidney
glomerulus – Glomerulus
nefrologi – Nephrology
penyakit ginjal – Kidney disease
cairan tubuh – Body fluid
stres – Stress
tekanan darah – Blood pressure
asupan – Intake
protein – Protein
urin – Urine
osmolalitas – Osmolality
pembuluh darah – Blood vessel
keseimbangan cairan – Fluid balance
gagal jantung – Heart failure
perfusi ginjal – Renal perfusion
dehidrasi akut – Acute dehydration
peningkatan – Increase
meningkatkan – Increase
perbaikan – Improvement
mengontrol – Control
transplantasi ginjal – Kidney transplant
filtrasi ginjal – Renal filtration
kreatinin serum – Serum creatinine
volume urin – Urine volume
penyakit kronis – Chronic disease
anemia ginjal – Renal anemia
retensi cairan – Fluid retention
overload cairan – Fluid overload
sistem saraf – Nervous system
saraf otonom – Autonomic nerve
urea serum – Serum urea
edema paru – Pulmonary edema
tubulus ginjal – Renal tubule
penyakit ginjal kronis – Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
kegagalan ginjal akut – Acute kidney failure (AKF)
peradangan – Inflammation
kerusakan ginjal – Kidney damage
keseimbangan elektrolit – Electrolyte balance
dehidrasi kronis – Chronic dehydration
nefropati – Nephropathy
penyakit nefrotik – Nephrotic disease
nefrologis – Nephrologic
diagnosa dini – Early diagnosis
pemeriksaan laboratorium – Laboratory examination
biopsi ginjal – Kidney biopsy
pengelolaan cairan – Fluid management
diet rendah protein – Low-protein diet
keseimbangan asam-basa – Acid-base balance
terapi dialisis – Dialysis therapy
sodium – Sodium
kalium – Potassium
fosfor – Phosphorus
penurunan fungsi – Decreased function
pengendalian tekanan darah – Blood pressure control
terapi medis – Medical therapy
penyakit jantung – Heart disease
hipokalemia – Hypokalemia
uremia berat – Severe uremia
perawatan pasien – Patient care
cairan intravena – Intravenous fluid
pasien kronis – Chronic patient
pengaturan – Regulation
keseimbangan – Balance
kekurangan – Deficiency
kelebihan – Excess
rehidrasi – Rehydration
terapi rehidrasi – Rehydration therapy
kronis – Chronic
akut – Acute
pembengkakan – Swelling
sistem urin – Urinary system
retensi – Retention
pengeluaran – Excretion
pemeriksaan fisik – Physical examination
hipovolemik – Hypovolemic
gangguan – Disorder
penyakit metabolik – Metabolic disease
hiperglikemia – Hyperglycemia
hipoglikemia – Hypoglycemia
obstruksi – Obstruction
hiperkalemia – Hyperkalemia
hiponatremia – Hyponatremia
kateterisasi – Catheterization
infus – Infusion
monitor pasien – Patient monitoring
gejala klinis – Clinical symptoms
oksigenasi – Oxygenation
kondisi darurat – Emergency condition
saturasi oksigen – Oxygen saturation
hemoglobin – Hemoglobin
hematokrit – Hematocrit
kerusakan ginjal – Kidney damage
nefritis akut – Acute nephritis
uremia – Uremia
nefropati diabetik – Diabetic nephropathy
penyakit ginjal terminal – End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
hipertrofi – Hypertrophy
hipotensi postural – Postural hypotension
anuria – Anuria
oliguria – Oliguria
poliuria – Polyuria
proteinuria – Proteinuria
hematuria – Hematuria
laju filtrasi glomerulus – Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
fungsi ekskresi – Excretory function
ketidakseimbangan elektrolit – Electrolyte imbalance
acidosis – Acidosis
alkalosis – Alkalosis
konsentrasi – Concentration
dehidrasi berat – Severe dehydration
gagal ginjal prerenal – Prerenal kidney failure
gagal ginjal postrenal – Postrenal kidney failure
penatalaksanaan – Management
manajemen cairan – Fluid management
penyebab gagal ginjal – Cause of kidney failure
diagnosa laboratorium – Laboratory diagnosis
gangguan fungsi ginjal – Renal dysfunction
penyakit sistemik – Systemic disease
penyakit autoimun – Autoimmune disease
neoplasma – Neoplasm
nefrotoksisitas – Nephrotoxicity
pengobatan konservatif – Conservative treatment
indikasi – Indication
kontraindikasi – Contraindication
terapi suportif – Supportive therapy
hipervolemia – Hypervolemia
hipoglikemia – Hypoglycemia
penurunan kesadaran – Decreased consciousness
gagal multiorgan – Multiorgan failure
disfungsi – Dysfunction
nekrosis – Necrosis
iskemia – Ischemia
fibrilasi atrium – Atrial fibrillation
gagal napas – Respiratory failure
syok septik – Septic shock
syok hipovolemik – Hypovolemic shock
syok kardiogenik – Cardiogenic shock
perawatan intensif – Intensive care
dialisis peritoneal – Peritoneal dialysis
hemodialisis kronis – Chronic hemodialysis
ginjal buatan – Artificial kidney