1-5
Peril – Serious and immediate danger.
Harp on – พูดซ้ำๆ จนน่ารำคาญ , harp on(about) + something
He keeps harping on about his old job.
Stop harping on at me about my mistakes.
She’s always harping on about how things were better in the old days.
Overwhelmed – Feeling like you have too much to deal with.
Hassle – Something that is annoying because it causes problems or is difficult to do.
Booking – A reservation for accommodations or services.
Vacuum – A space entirely devoid of matter; here, it could imply a figurative emptiness or void in conversation.
Thrive – To grow or develop well or vigorously.
Refill – To fill something again.
Laundromat – A place where you pay to use machines that wash and dry your clothes.
Maintenance – The process of preserving something, such as equipment, in good condition.
Set up – To establish or start something, like a business or website.
Giant – Of very great size or force; enormous.
Accident – An unfortunate incident that happens unexpectedly and unintentionally, typically resulting in damage or injury.
Rental – Something rented or available for rent.
Sigh – To let out a deep breath expressing weariness, relief, or sadness.
Mad – Very angry or mentally disturbed; here, it might be used to express extreme frustration.
Fold up – To bend something, especially fabric, so that it occupies less space.
Chair – A separate seat for one person, typically with a back and four legs.
Gotta – A colloquial contraction of “got to,” indicating an obligation or necessity.
Laundry – Clothes and linens that need to be washed or have just been washed.
Wild boar – A wild member of the pig family, known for being aggressive.
Exercise – Physical activity to maintain or improve health and fitness.
Pool – A small body of still water, typically one formed naturally.
Dangerous – Likely to cause harm or injury.
Reunite – To come together again after a period of separation.
Website – A location connected to the Internet that maintains one or more pages on the World Wide Web.
Season – A particular period when an activity, typically tourism, is at its peak.
Vacation – An extended period of leisure and recreation, especially one spent away from home or traveling.
Guest – A person who is invited to visit or stay in someone’s home.
Close down – To stop operating or functioning; shut down.
Grammar Points
Conditional Sentences: “If a tree falls in a forest…” is an example of a conditional sentence, which expresses a situation and its possible outcome.
Past Continuous Tense: “…no one was around to hear it…” shows an action that was ongoing in the past.
Rhetorical Questions: “…does it make a sound? Or is there nothing but silence?” uses rhetorical questions to provoke thought rather than elicit an answer.
Ellipsis: The use of “…” indicates an omission of words or a trailing off in thought.
Inversion for Emphasis: “Did it make a sound, or was there nothing but silence?” changes the usual word order for emphasis.
Imperatives: “Fold this up” is a direct command, using the imperative mood.
Modal Verbs: “Should’ve picked that up myself.” The use of “should’ve” (should have) suggests obligation or expectation.
Informal Contractions: “Gotta move the chair” is an example of colloquial language, where “gotta” is a contraction of “got to.”
Present Perfect Tense: “Have your guests left?” indicates that an action has occurred at some point before now.
Phrasal Verbs: “Set up” (as in “set up an online booking website”) is a phrasal verb meaning to establish or arrange.
Slang/Colloquialism: “Jeez!” is an informal exclamation used to express surprise, frustration, or disbelief.
Politeness Markers: “Appreciate ya.” is an informal way to express gratitude, using “ya” as a colloquial form of “you.”
Relative Clauses: “A wild boar? Not a water deer?” uses relative clauses to provide additional information about the wild boar.
Interjections: “Oh no!” is an interjection used to express alarm or disappointment.
Present Continuous Tense: “It’s driving me mad” shows an ongoing action in the present.
Simple Past Tense: “The tree fell” shows a completed action in the past.
Passive Voice: “A giant tree was felled in the forest” uses passive voice to emphasize the action rather than who performed it.
Comparatives: “It’s more important than our kid’s education” uses a comparative structure to compare importance.
Negative Imperatives: “Don’t open the pool” gives a direct command not to do something.
Past Simple Tense: “Did it come from the mountains?” is a straightforward question about a past event.
Inverted Questions: “Isn’t making money the whole reason?” uses inversion to ask a question, typically expecting agreement.
Future Continuous Tense: “I’ll be waiting” shows an action that will be happening at some point in the future.
Reported Speech: “You told me to close down the pool” reports what someone else said in the past.
Idioms: “It’s driving me mad” is an idiom meaning it’s causing great frustration or annoyance.
Possessive Pronouns: “My guests” shows ownership or relation.
Prepositional Phrases: “In a forest” provides additional information about location.
Countable and Uncountable Nouns: “Guests” is a countable noun, while “silence” is uncountable.
Emphatic Do: “Do you think I’m running a charity?” uses “do” for emphasis in questions.
Modal Verbs: “I shouldn’t have guests until the boar’s caught” expresses advice or prohibition using “shouldn’t.”
Clauses of Purpose: “To make a sound” indicates the purpose of the action mentioned earlier.
1-5 Korean
여자 (yeoja) – woman
아무도 (amudo) – nobody
숲속 (supsog) – in the forest
커다란 (keodalan) – giant
나무 (namu) – tree
쓰러지다 (sseuleojida) – to fall down
쿵 (kung) – thud (sound)
소리 (soli) – sound
났겠는가 (nassgessneunga) – did it happen
안 (an) – no/not
작동음 (jagdong-eum) – operation sound
잦아들다 (jaj-adeulda) – to subside
어유 (eo-yu) – oh (exclamation)
제가 (jega) – I
가지러 가다 (gajileo gada) – to go to pick up
되다 (doeda) – to become
나오다 (naoda) – to come out
손님 (sonnim) – guest
가다 (gada) – to leave/go
거예요 (geo-ye-yo) – ending particle for questions
어 (eo) – yes
아이고 (a-igo) – oh dear
시원하다 (siwonhada) – to be cool/refreshing
일 (il) – work
너무 (neomu) – too much
많다 (manha) – to be many
정신 (jeongsin) – mind, spirit
고마워 (goma-wo) – thanks
펜션 (pensyeon) – vacation rental
잘되다 (jaldoe) – to do well
그냥 (geunyang) – just, simply
서울 (seoul) – Seoul (capital city)
내려오다 (naelyeooda) – to come down
아이 (ae) – child, kid
공부 (gongbu) – study
문제 (munje) – problem
그렇잖아요 (geuleohjanh-a-yo) – isn’t it so
때리다 (ttaerida) – to quit, hit
세탁소 (setagso) – laundromat
때려치우다 (ttaeryeochi-uda) – to quit
쉽다 (swi-wo) – to be easy
보이다 (bo-inda) – to look, seem
숨을 들이마시다 (sumeul deul-imasida) – to take a deep breath
며칠 (myeochil) – several days
해드리다 (haedeulida) – to do something for someone (honorific)
다음 (daeum) – next
예약 (ye-yag) – reservation
없다 (eobsda) – to not exist
형님 (hyeongnim) – older brother (honorific)
농담 (nongdam) – joke
천천히 (cheoncheonhi) – slowly
줘 (jwo) – to give
편하다 (pyeonhada) – to be comfortable
알겠습니다 (algess-seubnida) – understood, will do
힘들다 (himdeulda) – to be difficult
숨을 내뱉다 (sumeul naebaetda) – to exhale
멧돼지 (mesdwaeji) – wild boar
고라니 (golani) – water deer
타령 (talyeong) – constantly talk about something
동네 (dongne) – neighborhood
없었다 (eobs-eossda) – to not have existed
산 (san) – mountain
넘다 (neomda) – to cross
위험하다 (wiheomhada) – to be dangerous
펜션이 제일 (pensyeon-i je-il) – vacation rental is the closest
제일 (je-il) – most
커피 (keopi) – coffee
싫다 (silhda) – to dislike
보통 (botong) – usually
청소하다 (cheongsohada) – to clean
손님 많이 와 (sonnim manh-i wa) – many guests come
수영장 (suyeongjang) – swimming pool
한번 해보다 (hanbeon haeboda) – to try once
닫다 (datda) – to close
위험한 (wiheomhada) – dangerous
홈페이지 (hompe-iji) – homepage, website
장사 (jangsa) – business
접다 (jeobda) – to fold
시작하다 (sijaghada) – to start
인터넷에 (inteones-e) – on the internet
5-10 Korean
정겨운 (jeonggyeoun) – affectionate
말투 (maltu) – tone of voice
빨리 (ppalli) – quickly
와 (wa) – come
유 (yu) – informal ending particle (colloquial)
아이 (ai) – child
달려 (dallyeo) – run
막아야 돼 (mag-a-ya dwae) – must block
여기 (yeogi) – here
벌써 (beol-sseo) – already
적응 (jeog-eung) – adaptation
끝났어 (kkeutnass-eo) – finished
그래? (geulae?) – really?
전학 (jeonhag) – transfer (school)
울고불고 (ulgobulgo) – crying and fussing
제 (je) – my (formal)
엄마 (eomma) – mom
발로 (ballo) – by foot
찬 (chan) – kick
까먹었다 (kkameog-eossda) – forgot
머리 (meoli) – head
산발 (sanbal) – disheveled hair
뛰어다니는데 (ttwi-eodanineunde) – running around
살짝 (saljjag) – slightly
웃으며 (us-eumyeo) – smiling
애가 (aega) – child
좀 (jom) – a bit
웃겨 (usgyeo) – funny
기자 (gija) – journalist
휴가 (hyuga) – vacation
발령 (ballyeong) – transfer
날 거야 (nal geo-ya) – will happen
당신은 (dangsin-eun) – you (formal)
내일부터 (nae-ilbuteo) – from tomorrow
출근 (chulgeun) – go to work
어 (eo) – yes
보내줄까 (bonaejulkka?) – should I send (you)?
난 (nan) – orchid (also “I” in informal speech)
화분 (hwabun) – flowerpot
리더 (lideo) – leader
매일 (maeil) – every day
아침 (achim) – morning
잎 (ip) – leaf
닦아야지 (dakk-a-yaji) – should clean
진중하게 (jinjunghage) – seriously
참 (cham) – indeed
머리 (meoli) – head
산발 (sanbal) – messy hair
화분 (hwabun) – flowerpot
보내지 마라 (bonaeji mala) – don’t send
끊어 (kkeunh-eo) – hang up, end
경찰 (gyeongchal) – police
아무도 (amudo) – no one
없는 (eobsneun) – absent, not here
파출소 (pachulso) – police station
문제 (munje) – problem
숨 (sum) – breath
내쉬며 (naeswimyeo) – exhaling
있지 않습니까 (issji anhseubnigga) – isn’t it?
반갑습니다 (bangabseubnida) – nice to meet you
저는 (jeoneun) – I am
휴대전화 (hyudaejeonhwa) – mobile phone
진동음 (jindong-eum) – vibration sound
자기 (jagi) – honey, darling
근무 중이지 (geunmu jung-iji) – I’m on duty
아줌마 (ajumma) – ma’am, middle-aged woman
선배님 (seonbaenim) – senior, elder
잠시만요 (jamsimanyo) – just a moment
무슨 (museun) – what
일이신데요? (il-isinde-yo?) – what’s the matter?
레이크뷰 모텔 (le-ikeubyu motel) – Lake View Motel
5분 (5bun) – five minutes
내로 (naelo) – within
와라 (wala) – come
놔 (nohja) – put down
먹고 하자니께 (meoggo hajani-kke) – should’ve eaten first
불었겠다 (bul-eossgessda) – (noodles) got soggy
어머니 (eomeoni) – mother
밥 (bab) – rice
먹으랬잖여 (meog-eulaessjanh-yeo) – I told you to eat
1-5 Polish
las – forest
wielkie – giant/big
drzewo – tree
upada – falls
nikt – no one
usłyszeć – to hear
bezgłośnie – silently
cisza – silence
czy – or/whether
poza – besides/except
nie było – there was not
nic – nothing
tam – there
CZY – whether
DRZEWO – tree
UPADA – falls
Powinienem – I should
odebrać – to pick up/receive
goście – guests
już – already
pojechać – to leave/go
tak – yes
przyjemnie – pleasantly
chłodno – cool
dostaję – I get/receive
tyle – so much
pranie – laundry
po prostu – simply/just
szok – shock
dziękuję – thank you
domy letniskowe – vacation homes
świetny – great
biznes – business
mówić – to say/speak
żona – wife
wykształcenie – education
dziecko – child
najważniejsze – the most important
czasem – sometimes
ochota – desire
zamknąć – to close
pralnia – laundry (facility)
zacząć – to start
wynajmować – to rent
pokoje – rooms
łatwa – easy
forsa – money (slang)
twierdzić – to claim
łatwy – easy
praca – work
gotowe – ready
kolejni – next
pieniądze – money
prowadzić – to run/manage
pośpiech – hurry
żartować – to joke
Oczywiście – of course
Boże – God
powinienem – I should
proszę – please
cześć – hi
dzik – wild boar
jelonek – deer
widzieć – to see
miasto – town/city
góra – mountain
dom – house/home
zagrożenie – danger
kawa – coffee
młody – young
gadać – to talk/chat
w kółko – repeatedly
powtarzać – to repeat
przepraszać – to apologize
złapać – to catch
basen – pool
goście – guests
codziennie – daily/every day
czystość – cleanliness
strona – website
1-5 Japanese
森 (mori) – forest
木 (ki) – tree
倒れた (taoreta) – fell
音 (oto) – sound
聞いた (kiita) – heard
者 (mono) – person
いない (inai) – not here, absent
誰 (dare) – who
森の奥 (mori no oku) – deep in the forest
その (sono) – that
する (suru) – to do, to make
の (no) – of, possessive particle
か (ka) – question marker
何 (nani) – what
申し訳ない (moushiwake nai) – sorry, no excuse
取りに行く (tori ni iku) – to go get
途中 (tochuu) – on the way
お客様 (okyakusama) – guest, customer
出発 (shuppatsu) – departure
ああ (aa) – ah, yes
一休み (hitoyasumi) – a short rest
洗濯物 (sentaku butsu) – laundry
多すぎる (oo sugiru) – too many/much
手が回らない (te ga mawaranai) – can’t handle, overwhelmed
どうも (doumo) – thanks, very
貸別荘 (kashibessou) – vacation home
繁盛する (hanjou suru) – to thrive, to prosper
説得する (settoku suru) – to persuade
ソウル (Souru) – Seoul
移住する (ijuu suru) – to move, to immigrate
子供 (kodomo) – child
教育 (kyouiku) – education
商売 (shoubai) – business
大事 (daiji) – important
閉める (shimeru) – to close
始める (hajimeru) – to start
いい (ii) – good, okay
楽に (raku ni) – easily, comfortably
稼げる (kasegeru) – can earn
次 (tsugi) – next
宿泊予約 (shukuhaku yoyaku) – lodging reservation
目的 (mokuteki) – purpose, objective
慈善事業 (jizen jigyou) – charity work
冗談 (joudan) – joke
ゆっくり (yukkuri) – slowly, take your time
重い (omoi) – heavy
イノシシ (inoshishi) – wild boar
見た (mita) – saw
シカ (shika) – deer
言った (itta) – said
辺 (atari) – vicinity, area
越える (koeru) – to cross
危なく (abunaku) – dangerous
一番 (ichiban) – number one, closest
近い (chikai) – close
俺の (ore no) – my (casual male speech)
コーヒー (koohii) – coffee
お待ち (omachi) – waiting
若い (wakai) – young
金の話 (kin no hanashi) – money talk
忙しい (isogashii) – busy
フリ (furi) – pretense
いつも (itsumo) – always
図々しい (zuuzuushii) – brazen, impudent
ヤツ (yatsu) – guy (slang, informal)
朝の運動 (asa no undou) – morning exercise
仰せのままに (oose no mama ni) – as you wish
プール (puuru) – pool
開き (hiraki) – opening
来る (kuru) – to come
掃除 (souji) – cleaning
入れ替え (irekae) – replacement
丸一日 (maru ichinichi) – a whole day
ケガ (kega) – injury
時間 (jikan) – time
予約サイト (yoyaku saito) – reservation site
作る (tsukuru) – to make, to create
片づける (katazukeru) – to tidy up
休業する (kyuugyou suru) – to close business
危険 (kiken) – danger
1-5 Indonesian
hutan – forest
tak berpenghuni – uninhabited
pohon – tree
besar – big, large
tumbang – fell
suara – sound
muncul – appear
tidak – no, not
seharusnya – should
ambil – take
sekalian – while you’re at it, at the same time
tamumu – your guest
pergi – go, leave
sudah – already
ya ampun – oh my, oh dear
sejuk – cool
sekali – very, once
banyak – a lot, many
urus – manage, take care of
sibuk – busy
terima kasih – thank you
bisnis – business
penginapan – accommodation, lodging
laris – selling well, thriving
menyuruh – to tell, to order
istriku – my wife
pindah – move
sekolah – school
anak – child
urusan – affair, business
rumit – complicated
setuju – agree
kadang – sometimes
berpikir – to think
ingin – want
menutup – to close
binatu – laundromat
santai – relaxed
santai – relax
bukan berarti – doesn’t mean
tanggal – date
berapa – how much, how many
kapan – when
tamu – guest
lagi – again, more
mungkin – maybe, perhaps
biasanya – usually
tak pernah – never
gunung – mountain
berbahaya – dangerous
hanya – only
dekat – close, near
suguhkan – to serve
kopi – coffee
anak muda – young person, youth
selalu – always
memikirkan – to think about
maksudnya – meaning, intent
sibuk – busy
tahun – year
lebih – more
omong kosong – nonsense
pokoknya – anyway, the main thing
olahraga – exercise, sport
pagi – morning
sebelum – before
ditangkap – captured
mengerti – understand
kolam renang – swimming pool
ramai – crowded, busy
membersihkan – to clean
merepotkan – troublesome
kuras – to drain
seharian – all day
kecelakaan – accident
main air – playing in the water
situs – site
reservasi – reservation
kursinya – the chair
simpan – to store, to save
1-5 Czech
les – forest
spadl – fell
obrovský – giant, enormous
strom – tree
nikdo – no one
u toho – at that (moment, event)
nebyl – wasn’t, wasn’t there
slyšel – heard
vydal – emitted, made (a sound)
pád – fall
zvuk – sound
nebo – or
bylo – was
ticho – silence
hejda – oh no
mohl – could
přijet – come, arrive
měl – had to, should have
cestě – way, road
hosté – guests
odjeli – left
jo – yeah
máš – you have
tady – here
příjemný – pleasant
chládek – coolness
tolik – so much, so many
prádlo – laundry
zblázním – go crazy, get mad
díky – thanks
zdá – seems
rekreační – recreational
pobyty – stays, vacations
vynáší – pays off, brings in (money)
přemlouvám – I am convincing
žena – wife, woman
vzdělání – education
dítě – child
přece – after all
není – isn’t
všechno – everything
někdy – sometimes
říkám – say, think
prádelna – laundromat
zavřít – close
začal – start, begin
pronajímat – rent out
práce – work
bez práce – without work, effortlessly
řeknu – I say
nic – nothing
neděláte – you don’t do
nebudou – won’t be, won’t exist
viďte – right? (confirmation)
říct – say, tell
charita – charity
legraci – joke, fun
nespěchám – I’m not in a hurry
prosím – please
nazdar – hi, hello
viděl – saw
divočák – wild boar
srna – deer
povídám – I say
nikdy – never
měli – had
tady – here
asi – probably, maybe
kopce – hills, mountains
zatoulal – strayed
penzion – guesthouse, inn
ohrožovat – endanger
hosty – guests
nanejvýš – at most
hrozba – threat, danger
lesa – forest (genitive)
takže – so, therefore
kafe – coffee
mladej – young one, youngster
peníze – money
1-5 German
Wald – forest
fiel – fell
Baum – tree
um – down
niemand – no one
da – there
gehört – heard
hätte – would have
Geräusch – sound
herrschte – prevailed, existed
nur – only
Stille – silence
Oh – oh
nein – no
Ich – I
hätte – would have
das – that
abholen – pick up
sollen – should
wollte – wanted
sowieso – anyway
rausfahren – go out
Gäste – guests
weg – gone, left
Ja – yes
Ach – oh, ah
ist – is
schön – nice, beautiful
kühl – cool
hier – here
drin – inside
kommt – comes
viel – much, a lot
Wäsche – laundry
rein – in
dreh – turn, spin
noch – still, yet
durch – through, mad
Danke – thanks
Ferienvermietung – vacation rental
floriert – thrives
sag – say
Ihnen – you (formal)
Meine – my
Frau – wife
sollte – should
aus – from, out of
herziehen – move here
wichtiger – more important
als – than
Bildung – education
unseres – our
Kindes – child’s
Manchmal – sometimes
mir – me
danach – afterwards, feel like
Waschsalon – laundromat
schließen – close
und – and
mit – with
leichtes – easy
Geld – money
verdienen – earn
nicht – not
dass – that
Ihr – your
Job – job
leicht – easy
wäre – would be
Brauchen – need
für – for
neue – new
gäste – guests
Es – it
kommen – come
keine – none
Weswegen – why
sonst – else
zeit – time
klar – clear, all right