p 1 , 【内科 150 选择题】
内科 (NEI-ke) = internal medicine
150 (yi-bai-wu-shi) = 150
选择题 (XUAN-ze-ti) = multiple choice questions
一、以下每一道题下面有 A、B、C、D、E 五个备选答案，请从中选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。
1. ★★★老年患者，常于夜间发作呼喘，
老年 (LAO-nian) = elderly/aged
患者 (HUAN-zhe) = patient
常 (chang) = often/frequently
于 (yu) = at/during
夜间 (YE-jian) = nighttime
发作 (FA-zuo) = attack/episode/onset
呼喘 (HU-chuan) = dyspnea/breathing difficulty
伴频繁咳嗽，咳出泡沫痰，有时带血性，
伴 (ban) = accompanied by/with
频繁 (PIN-fan) = frequent
咳嗽 (KE-sou) = cough/coughing
咳出 (KE-chu) = cough up/expectorate
泡沫 (PAO-mo) = foam/frothy
痰 (tan) = sputum/phlegm
有时 (YOU-shi) = sometimes
带 (dai) = with/containing
血性 (XUE-xing) = bloody/blood-tinged
双肺底闻湿性啰音，以下哪一种疾病可能性大
双 (SHUANG) = both/bilateral
肺底 (FEI-di) = lung bases
闻 (wen) = hear/auscultate
湿性 (SHI-xing) = wet/moist
啰音 (LUO-yin) = rales/crackles
以下 (YI-xia) = the following/below
哪一种 (NA-yi-zhong) = which one/which type
疾病 (JI-bing) = disease
可能性 (KE-neng-xing) = possibility
大 (da) = great/high
A.心源性哮喘 B.支气管哮喘
心源性 (XIN-yuan-xing) = cardiac-origin/cardiogenic
哮喘 (XIAO-chuan) = asthma
支气管 (ZHI-qi-guan) = bronchial
哮喘 (XIAO-chuan) = asthma
C.过敏性肺炎 D.肺癌 E.慢息型支气管炎
过敏性 (GUO-min-xing) = allergic/hypersensitivity
肺炎 (FEI-yan) = pneumonia
D. = D. (option D)
肺癌 (FEI-ai) = lung cancer
E. = E. (option E)
慢息型 (MAN-xi-xing) = chronic obstructive (likely meant to be 慢阻型 – man-zu-xing)
支气管炎 (ZHI-qi-guan-yan) = bronchitis
本题正确答案：A
题解：心源性哮喘与支气管哮喘临床表现有时难以区分，但前者常发生于夜间平卧时，白色浆液性泡沫痰、痰中血丝为其特点，可资鉴别。