connect word, phrase, clauses , sentences
Type of conjuctions
1. Coordinating conjunctions समन्वय संयोजक samyey saiyoja = Coordinate , connect ,  สองข้างเท่ากัน
1. और aur – And
राम और श्याम अच्छे दोस्त हैं। ram aur shram achches dost hai = Ram and Shram are good friends.
2. परंतु Parantu – But
मैं आना चाहता हूँ, परंतु समय नहीं है। (Main aana(come) chahta(want) hoon, parantu samay(time) nahin hai.) – “I want to come, but there is no time.”

3. किंतु Kintu – but
4. या ya – or
5. तो to = So, Then

2. Subordinating conjuctions
3. Correlative conjunctions

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1. Coordinating Conjunctions (समन्वय संयोजक)

1. किंतु (kintu) – but
   • Example: उसने बहुत कोशिश की, किंतु सफल नहीं हुआ। (Usne bahut koshish ki, kintu safal nahin hua.) – “He tried hard, but he did not succeed.”
2. या (ya) – or
   • Example: तुम चाय या कॉफी ले सकते हो। (Tum chai ya coffee le sakte ho.) – “You can have tea or coffee.”
3. तो (to) – so, then
   • Example: बारिश हो रही है, तो हमें रुकना चाहिए। (Barish ho rahi hai, to humein rukna chahiye.) – “It is raining, so we should stay.”

2. Subordinating Conjunctions (आधीन संयोजक)

These conjunctions connect a dependent clause to an independent clause, indicating a relationship such as time, reason, condition, etc.

Common Subordinating Conjunctions:

1. जब (jab) – when
   • Example: जब मैं छोटा था, तब मैं बहुत खेलता था। (Jab main chhota tha, tab main bahut khelta tha.) – “When I was young, I used to play a lot.”
2. क्योंकि (kyonki) – because
   • Example: मैं घर पर हूँ क्योंकि मुझे बुखार है। (Main ghar par hoon kyonki mujhe bukhar hai.) – “I am at home because I have a fever.”
3. अगर (agar) – if
   • Example: अगर तुम पढ़ोगे, तो पास हो जाओगे। (Agar tum padhoge, to paas ho jaoge.) – “If you study, you will pass.”
4. चूंकि (chunki) – since
   • Example: चूंकि वह बीमार है, इसलिए वह स्कूल नहीं गया। (Chunki vah beemar hai, isliye vah school nahin gaya.) – “Since he is sick, he did not go to school.”
5. हालांकि (haalanki) – although
   • Example: हालांकि वह थका हुआ था, फिर भी वह काम करता रहा। (Haalanki vah thaka hua tha, phir bhi vah kaam karta raha.) – “Although he was tired, he kept working.”
6. ताकि (taaki) – so that
   • Example: मैं जल्दी आया ताकि हम समय पर निकल सकें। (Main jaldi aaya taaki hum samay par nikal saken.) – “I came early so that we could leave on time.”

3. Correlative Conjunctions (सहसंयोजक)

These conjunctions are used in pairs to connect equal elements in a sentence.

Common Correlative Conjunctions:

1. न केवल … बल्कि (na keval … balki) – not only … but also
   • Example: वह न केवल गाता है, बल्कि नाचता भी है। (Vah na keval gata hai, balki naachta bhi hai.) – “He not only sings but also dances.”
2. या … या (ya … ya) – either … or
   • Example: तुम या तो सच बोलो या चुप रहो। (Tum ya to sach bolo ya chup raho.) – “You either speak the truth or remain silent.”
3. न तो … न ही (na to … na hi) – neither … nor
   • Example: वह न तो खुश है न ही दुखी। (Vah na to khush hai na hi dukhi.) – “He is neither happy nor sad.”
4. जब … तब (jab … tab) – when … then
   • Example: जब मैं बोलता हूँ, तब तुम सुनो। (Jab main bolta hoon, tab tum suno.) – “When I speak, then you listen.”

Examples in Sentences

1. और (aur):
   • Example: वह पढ़ रहा है और गा भी रहा है। (Vah padh raha hai aur ga bhi raha hai.) – “He is studying and also singing.”
2. परंतु (parantu):
   • Example: मैं बाहर जाना चाहता था, परंतु बारिश हो रही थी। (Main bahar jaana chahta tha, parantu barish ho rahi thi.) – “I wanted to go outside, but it was raining.”
3. क्योंकि (kyonki):
   • Example: वह नहीं आया क्योंकि वह बीमार था। (Vah nahin aaya kyonki vah beemar tha.) – “He did not come because he was sick.”
4. अगर (agar):
   • Example: अगर तुम मेहनत करोगे, तो सफल हो जाओगे। (Agar tum mehnat karoge, to safal ho jaoge.) – “If you work hard, you will succeed.”
5. न केवल … बल्कि (na keval … balki):
   • Example: उसने न केवल खाना बनाया, बल्कि मेज भी सजाई। (Usne na keval khana banaya, balki mej bhi sajayi.) – “She not only cooked the food but also set the table.”

By understanding and practicing these conjunctions, you can form more complex and nuanced sentences in Hindi.

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