过敏性 (guòmǐnxìng) – allergic, hypersensitive
疾病 (jíbìng) – disease, disorder
及 (jí) – and, as well as
复发 (fùfā) – recurrent, relapsing
感染 (gǎnrǎn) – infection, infectious
疾病 (jíbìng) – disease, disorder
的 (de) – possessive/attributive particle
免疫 (miǎnyì) – immune, immunity
治疗 (zhìliáo) – treatment, therapy
第一章 综 述 过敏性疾病及复发感染的免疫治疗
第一章 综 述 过敏性疾病及复发感染的免疫治疗
综述 (zōngshù) – review, comprehensive survey
过敏性 (guòmǐnxìng) – allergic
疾病 (jíbìng) – diseases
及 (jí) – and
复发 (fùfā) – recurrent, relapsing
感染 (gǎnrǎn) – infection
的 (de) – possessive/attributive particle
免疫 (miǎnyì) – immune, immunity
治疗 (zhìliáo) – treatment, therapy
p 1 ,一、免疫变态疾病的病因，病理及复发感染的病因
免疫 (miǎnyì) – immune, immunity
变态 (biàntài) – hypersensitive, allergic (in medical context)
疾病 (jíbìng) – diseases
的 (de) – possessive/attributive particle
病因 (bìngyīn) – etiology, cause of disease
病理 (bìnglǐ) – pathology
及 (jí) – and
复发 (fùfā) – recurrent, relapsing
感染 (gǎnrǎn) – infection
的 (de) – possessive/attributive particle
病因 (bìngyīn) – etiology, cause
虽然我的题目是讲治疗，但是，
虽然 (suīrán) – although, even though
我的 (wǒ de) – my
题目 (tímù) – topic, title, subject
是 (shì) – is
讲 (jiǎng) – to talk about, to discuss
治疗 (zhìliáo) – treatment, therapy
但是 (dànshì) – but, however
采取何种治疗方法要根据病因和病理，
采取 (cǎiqǔ) – to adopt, to take, to employ
何种 (hézhǒng) – what kind of, which type of
治疗 (zhìliáo) – treatment, therapy
方法 (fāngfǎ) – method, approach
要 (yào) – must, should, need to
根据 (gēnjù) – based on, according to
病因 (bìngyīn) – etiology, cause of disease
和 (hé) – and
病理 (bìnglǐ) – pathology
所以，还得讲一下病因、病理。变态反应性疾病病因有二：
所以 (suǒyǐ) = so, therefore
还得 (hái děi) = still need to, have to
讲 (jiǎng) = speak about, explain
一下 (yīxià) = a bit, briefly
病因 (bìngyīn) = etiology, cause of disease
病理 (bìnglǐ) = pathology
变态反应性 (biàntài fǎnyìngxìng) = allergic, hypersensitive
变态 (biàntài) = abnormal, altered state
反应 (fǎnyìng) = reaction, response
性 (xìng) = -ness, quality of, characteristic
疾病 (jíbìng) = disease
病因 (bìngyīn) = etiology, cause
有 (yǒu) = have, there are
二 (èr) = two
一是有遗传过敏性体质的倾向的机体；
一是 (yī shì) = first is, one is
有 (yǒu) = have, possess
遗传 (yí chuán) = hereditary, genetic
过敏性 (guò mǐn xìng) = allergic, hypersensitive
体质 (tǐ zhì) = constitution, physical condition
的 (de) = possessive particle (of/with)
倾向 (qīng xiàng) = tendency, inclination
的 (de) = possessive particle
机体 (jī tǐ) = organism, body
二是受过抗原物质刺激时引起；
二是 (èr shì) = second is, secondly
受过 (shòu guò) = have received, have been subjected to
抗原 (kàng yuán) = antigen
物质 (wù zhì) = substance, material
刺激 (cì jī) = stimulation, irritation
时 (shí) = when, at the time of
引起 (yǐn qǐ) = cause, trigger, induce
三是变态反应性疾病的病因因素同时存在才发生。
三是 (sān shì) = third is, thirdly
变态反应性 (biàn tài fǎn yìng xìng) = allergic, hypersensitivity
疾病 (jí bìng) = disease, illness
的 (de) = possessive particle (of)
病因 (bìng yīn) = etiology, cause of disease
因素 (yīn sù) = factors, elements
同时 (tóng shí) = simultaneously, at the same time
存在 (cún zài) = exist, be present
才 (cái) = only then, only when
发生 (fā shēng) = occur, happen, develop
变态反应性疾病的根本病因来源于环境：生物类如异性血清蛋白、生物制品、药物、真菌、食物蛋白、花粉、灰尘、虫毛、尘螨、化学类的药物如，化工品、油漆等，物理类如冷热炎热、冷冻等。病理变态研究还在不断的发展，关键是免疫功能的异常，表现为免疫应答的异常。正常情况下免疫功能具有抗感染和免疫监视功能，当免疫功能发生异常时，不仅导致变态反应性疾病的发生，而且使机体的防御功能严重减弱，因而对一些感染的控制也显得非常困难，我们常常把免疫功能异常的疾病统称为免疫缺陷病。继发性免疫缺陷是最常见的，主要是机体免疫功能差，机体免疫功能降低，容易感染。
近10 余年研究表明，变态反应是由T 细胞决定的，淋巴细胞亚群TH1/TH2 比例的失衡和其他一些因素的作用，变态反应性疾病表现为TH2 功能的增强，主要表现为分泌过量的细胞因子如IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、IL-13 和 GM-CSF（GM: 粒细胞-巨噬细胞，CSF: colony simulating factor 集落刺激因子，名集落刺激因子）。