乙型 [yǐ xíng] = type B/hepatitis B
肝炎 [gān yán] = hepatitis
中西医 [zhōng xī yī] = Chinese and Western medicine
防治 [fáng zhì] = prevention and treatment
罗生强 [luó shēng qiáng] = Luo Shengqiang (personal name)
主编 [zhǔ biān] = chief editor
第一章 肝病的基础知识
第一章 肝病的基础知识
肝病 [gān bìng] = liver disease
的 [de] = (possessive particle)
基础 [jī chǔ] = basic/fundamental
知识 [zhī shi] = knowledge
p 23 , 1.肝脏在人体的什么位置
肝脏 [gān zàng] = liver
在 [zài] = at/in
人体 [rén tǐ] = human body
的 [de] = (possessive particle)
什么 [shén me] = what
位置 [wèi zhì] = position/location
肝脏是人体最大的实质性脏器，
肝脏 [gān zàng] = liver
是 [shì] = is
人体 [rén tǐ] = human body
最大 [zuì dà] = largest
的 [de] = (possessive particle)
实质性 [shí zhì xìng] = solid/parenchymal
脏器 [zàng qì] = organ
大部分位于右上腹部，且为肋弓
大部分 [dà bù fèn] = most part/majority
位于 [wèi yú] = located at/situated in
右 [yòu] = right
上 [shàng] = upper
腹部 [fù bù] = abdomen/abdominal area
且 [qiě] = and/moreover
为 [wéi] = is/as
肋弓 [lèi gōng] = costal arch/rib cage
所覆盖，左外叶横过腹中线达左上腹。
所 [suǒ] = (passive particle)
覆盖 [fù gài] = covered/covered by
左 [zuǒ] = left
外 [wài] = outer
叶 [yè] = lobe
横过 [héng guò] = crosses over
腹 [fù] = abdominal
中线 [zhōng xiàn] = midline
达 [dá] = reaches
左 [zuǒ] = left
上 [shàng] = upper
腹 [fù] = abdomen
右肝下缘齐右肋缘，左肝下缘
右 [yòu] = right
肝 [gān] = liver
下缘 [xià yuán] = lower border/lower edge
齐 [qí] = level with/aligned with
右 [yòu] = right
肋缘 [lèi yuán] = costal margin/rib margin
左 [zuǒ] = left
肝 [gān] = liver
下缘 [xià yuán] = lower border/lower edge
可于剑突下触及，但一般不会超过剑突与脐连线的中点。
可 [kě] = can/may
于 [yú] = at/in
剑突 [jiàn tū] = xiphoid process
下 [xià] = below/under
触及 [chù jí] = palpated/felt by touch
但 [dàn] = but/however
一般 [yī bān] = generally/usually
不会 [bù huì] = will not/won’t
超过 [chāo guò] = exceed/go beyond
剑突 [jiàn tū] = xiphoid process
与 [yǔ] = and/with
脐 [qí] = navel/umbilicus
连线 [lián xiàn] = connecting line
的 [de] = (possessive particle)
中点 [zhōng diǎn] = midpoint
从体表投影
看，肝上界在右锁骨中线第五肋骨，右腋中线平第六肋骨处；肝下界
起自肋弓最低点，沿右肋弓下缘左上行，至第八、九肋软骨结合处离
开肋弓，斜向左上方，至前正中线，到左侧至肋弓与第七、八软骨之
结合处（图1）。一般认为，正常体位下，如在肋弓下触及肝脏，则多
为病理性肝大。